Chaplet



R. o. BRUNsT 1,987,048

Jan. s, 1935.

CHAPLET Filed Jan. 11 1954 ATTORNEZ/ Patented Jan. 8, 1935 t' UNiTEDjsTArEs CHAP-LET Rudolph Bruns@ Rocky River, Ohio, assignor to The F. Hohlfelder Company, Cleveland, Ohio,

a corporation of 'Ohio ApplicationqJanuary 11, 1934, Serial No. '106,244

4 claims. (o1. ,z2- 184) j This invention relates'as indicated to chaplets,

and to a method by' which the particular chaplet formed in accordance with the principles of this invention may be made. v

More specifically, my invention relates to a chaplet in which the had'and stem portions thereof are unitary; It has become a practice in the prior art in the manufacture of chaplets to provide two parts which when joined in a particular manner constitute the finished article. The prior art chaplets, at least those which 'have been commerciallyv successful, have been made from a flat sheet metal blank constitutingthe head of the chaplet and a short section of wire or rod joined to the head in various 'ways'and constituting the stem of the chaplet. There are several principal objections to this prior art form of construction. In the first instance, the fabrication of separate parts constituting the iinished product 'is an expensive and vtime-consuming operation. More `or lessV diiculty from various sources is also usually experienced with any construction in which the head and the stem portions are formed from two pieces.

I am fully aware that it has been suggested in the prior art to form a chaplet from a single .length of round wire or rod. The prior art has suggested that a chaplet might be formed by coiling a portion of the roundwire, rod or blank in a plane normal to the axis of the stem.A This particular construction hashowever, never gone vinto commercial usage for `the reason that the rounded faces found in the head of the chaplet permit the chaplet to shift in the mold for a suflcient extent so that thecore sup-ported by.

the chaplets is no longer held in the proper position within the mold.

It is among the objects of my invention to provide a chaplet of a unitary structure having all of the advantages of a unitary structure and none of the above enumerated disadvantages. It is a further object liof my invention to provide a method whereby the chaplet of this invention may be economically manufactured. Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear as the description proceeds.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following de scription and the annexed drawing setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.

same distance.

Fig. lis a perspective view yof a chaplet formed in accordancewith the principlesof this invention; Figs. 2, 3 and 4 illustrate ythe'chaplet of Fig. 1 at various stages ini'ts manufacture; Figs. 5y

5, 6 and 7 arev respectively lelevationalviews vof the blanks illustrated inFigs. 2, 3 and 4; Figs. 8,

'9 and 10 respectively illustrate in diagrammatic forrn'the steps employed for the purposeof producing the blanks illustrated Figs. 2, 3 and 4; Fig. 11 is an elevational view of a'chaplet f ormed in azslightly different fashion than'thatvillustrated in the previous figures; and Fig. -12 is an elevational View of the finished form of rthel chapylet blank illustrated in Fig. 11.

Referring now more specically to the drawing, and more especially to Fig. 1, a chaplet formed in accordance with the principles of my invention consists generally of a stem portion 1 and a head portion 2. The 'stem andl head portions are formed from a single unitary blank which may be round wire or rod of any suitable metal usually employed in the manufactureof'"articles of `this character. "Ihehead'Zconsists of a coiled section of the blank arranged ina planenormal 'to' the axis of the stem 1 and flattened to a conlsiderable degree for vthe purpose hereinafter more Vfully explained.

'tol determine the extent to which'the 'chaplet `is `embedded inthe mold, so that when a plurality -of chaplets are employed in a single mold al1 of such chaplets Ywill extend out of the mold for the The notch 3 is provided in lthe stem immediately adjacent the collar 5 so as to facilitate the breaking off of the chaplet from the casting after the casting has been removed from the mold. The reduced diameter of the stem 1 in the area of the groove 4 insures proper bond between the casting and the chaplet, so that the chaplet will not pull out of the finished casting.

As previously indicated, the above-described form of chaplet construction is made from a single unitary blank which is preferablya round Wire or rod. The steps by which the chaplet is made are variously illustrated in Figs. 2 to 4, and 8 to 10. As most clearly illustrated in Fig. 8,

the rst step is to provide a suitableblank which .trated in f'Figs. 3 and 6.

drawing, only somuch of the apparatuszasis immediately contiguous to the chaplet is illustrated. The apparatus for the actuation of the several dies and similar parts illustrated herein is more clearly illustrated and described'inia( separateA application.

After the blank hasbeen vsheared `to length'and" notched as illustrated in Figs. 2; 5 and 8, and while gripped by the dies '7 and 8, the terminal portion 11 thereof is engaged by athird die 12,

which While moving relatively to the holding dies 7 and 8 upsets the collar 5 on the stern.y

The product of ...the operation justr described, fand of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 9, is Villus- The blank `illustrated -in Fig. g3 VAwhile nheld between the dies '7 and 8, is next engaged by a head upsetting die member 14 which engages,thepreviously'coiled head v6 of the fchapletfand reduces it tothe thickness genferal1y illustrated in Fig. 4. This ilatteningof thecoiled -head materially increases the vsurface area thereof which may have contact with the sand in the mold, and as hereinafter more fully `explained this increased area and the nature vof the :surface is effective to `properly support the chaplet within the mold.

Simultaneous with the head upsetting operation just described, the stem portion 11 o-f the chaplet `may beengaged by opposingdie members-15 and 16 which form on such terminal portion 11 the area Viv of reduced diameter.V The product resulting from the foregoing steps-is the chaplet illustrated in Fig. 1` and previously described. l

Attention is directed to Athe fact that. in the chaplet illustrated in lFigs land '7, the :coiled portion of the head 2 even when flattened down leaves a considerable space adjacent the center of the head where there is no metal, and'consequently no bearing surface for the support of the `chaplet `in the sand. Ifthe circumference of the head 2 is sufliciently great, it is not necessary that there be any bearing for the support of the chaplet in the center of the head for the .reason that with'a minimum amount of stock the'bearing surfacefor the chaplet headmay be displaced Afor an appreciable radius of gyration 'from the axis of the. stem 1 so that even though the sand engaging area ofthe flattened head 2 is not very great, nevertheless sufficient support for the stern is afforded. lFlattening the coiled portion of thehead is the principal reason for the `increased supporting` power of such head. If thecoiled portions of the head were left round as suggested by the prior art, such rounded portions would readily `displace the sand laterally in engagement therewith and permit the chaplet to shift Yfor an amountsufcientto ldisplace the core' Within the mold. L

While the chapletrillustrated in Fig. 1 has an appreciable open space in the head near the center thereof, it is nevertheless within the contemplation of my invention to provide a chaplet wherein -the Vcoils 17 forming the head are sui- `cient in number and so closely spaced as illus- "trated' in `Fig.11, so that when the coils are flatten, as vby'rolling or otherwise,lthat portion of the blank forming the head beforethe head is coiled.

The advantages of the above-described forms .of construction and theemode of, manufacture by which the same may be produced, are believed to be suiliciently apparent to those-familiar with ,the art so that a `further description of the in,-

vention is not necessary.

Other modes of apply vingv the invention maybe employed,'change being made inthe form orconstruction, provided.v the elements stated byany of the following claims or the .equivalent of such `stated elements be, employed, whether produced by mypreferred method or byv others embodying steps `equivalent 'to those statedk in the following claims.

I therefore particularly point outan'd distinctly claim as-my invention:--` f e v 1. A chaplet, comprising a stem and a flat head formed from' a flattened elongation of said stem, and bent into a plane-substantially normalv to the axis of saidstem.

2. A chaplet, comprising a cylindrical Astern and a at head formed from a flattened elongation of said stem coiled in a plane substantially normal to the axis o f'said stem. e l

3. A chaplet, comprising a stem of substantially circular cross-section, 'and' a rflat head yformed vfrom a vflattened laterally bent. extension v A principle of `the 

